菌药物是临床最常应用的药物之一，目前越来越多的证据显示其与癫痫发作之间存在相关性。抗菌药物可直接作用于中枢神经系统引起癫痫发作，也可通过与抗癫痫药物的相互作用影响癫痫患者的症状控制，严重时可导致癫痫持续状态，甚至危及生命。抗菌药物引起的癫痫发作大多为强直阵挛发作，但也有非惊厥性癫痫发作，临床识别困难，因此了解不同抗菌药物对癫痫发作的影响至关重要。本文总结了不同抗菌药物对癫痫发作的影响、作用机制和促发因素等，旨在提高临床医师尤其是非神经科医师对抗菌药物与癫痫发作之间关系的认识，帮助临床医师识别高危患者，及时识别抗菌药物相关癫痫发作，并做 出相应的处理，为临床医师做出合理的决策提供帮助。

Antibiotics are one of the most commonly used drugs in clinical practice. More and more evidence has shown the relationship between antibiotic drugs and epileptic seizures. Antibiotic drugs can cause seizures by acting on the central nervous system or affect the control of seizures by interaction with antiepileptic drugs. Seriously they may lead to status epilepticus and threaten the patients’ life. Seizures related to antibiotic drugs are mostly generalized tonic-clonic,but some are non-convulsive and make it difficult to be recognized. Consequently, it is critical for clinicians to know the influences of antibiotics on seizures. The impacts of different antibiotically drugs on epileptic seizures, their underlying mechanisms and predisposing factors are summarized in this paper. The purpose of this paper is to improve clinicians, especially non-neurologists’ understanding of the relationship between antibiotic drugs and seizures, helping clinicians identify high-risk patients, timely identify and deal with antibiotics-related seizures, and provide help for clinicians to make reasonable decisions.