三叉神经痛是临床常见的脑神经疾病，目前已提出多种有关三叉神经痛发病机制的假说。三叉神经痛的药物治疗是当前临床研究的热点之一，但是药物治疗的疗效欠佳且不良反应较大。近年来，中医治疗三叉神经痛日益显示出优势。本文对三叉神经痛的发病机制及中西医治疗进展进行综述，以期为三叉神经痛的治疗提供思路和参考依据。

Trigeminal neuralgia is a common clinical neurological disease. At present, many hypotheses about the pathogenesis of trigeminal neuralgia have been put forward. The drug treatment of trigeminal neuralgia is one of the hotspots of clinical research, but the curative effect of drug treatment is poor and has many adverse reactions. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine has increasingly shown its advantages in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia. This paper reviews the pathogenesis of trigeminal neuralgia and the treatment progress in traditional Chinese and western medicine, in order to provide ideas and references for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.