目的：探讨口腔操联合一口量训练应用于脑卒中后吞咽困难患者摄食管理的疗效。

方法：2019年2月—12月符合病例选择标准的脑卒中后吞咽困难患者70例，随机分入研究组与对照组（每组各35例）。2组患者均接受吞咽困难常规护理，研究组同时接受口腔操联合一口量训练。比较2组治疗前后的洼田饮水试验吞咽功能评级、吞咽障碍改善总有效率以及流涎和误吸发生率。

结果：研究组治疗后洼田饮水试验吞咽功能评级改善优于对照组（P ＝ 0.002），吞咽障碍改善总有效率显著高于对照组（62.86% vs 31.43%，P ＝ 0.012）。研究组治疗后流涎和误吸发生率均较治疗前显著降低（P ＝ 0.027，P ＝ 0.034），而对照组治疗后流涎和误吸发生率均较治疗前增加（P ＝ 0.029，P ＝ 0.016）。

结论：口腔操联合一口量训练能够有效促进脑卒中后吞咽困难患者的摄食管理，改善吞咽功能，降低流涎和误吸发生率，促进安全进食，从而减少吸入性肺炎，提高生活质量。

Objective: To explore the effect of oral exercise combined with one-bite volume training on feeding management in patients with dysphagia after stroke.

Methods: From February to December in 2019, 70 patients with dysphagia after stroke were randomly divided into study group and control group (35 cases in each group). Both groups received routine nursing care for dysphagia, while the study group received oral exercise combined with one-bite volume training. The swallowing function, the improvement rate of dysphagia, and the incidence of salivation and aspiration were compared between the two groups before and after intervention.

Results: The swallowing function evaluated by Water Swallow Test in the study group was better than that in the control group (P = 0.002). The improvement rate of dysphagia in the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group (62.86% vs 31.43%, P = 0.012). The rates of salivation and aspiration in the study group were significantly lower than those before intervention (P = 0.027, P = 0.034), while the rates of salivation and aspiration in the control group were higher than those before intervention (P = 0.029, P = 0.016).

Conclusion: Oral exercises combined with oral exercise can effectively promote the management of food intake, improve swallowing function, reduce the incidence of salivation and aspiration, promote safe eating, reduce aspiration pneumonia and improve the quality of life.