颅内静脉窦血栓形成（cerebral venous sinus thrombosis，CVST）是一组脑静脉回流受阻的特殊类型脑血管疾病，其临床发病率低，起病形式及临床表现多样，因此给诊疗带来了挑战。随着CVST的病因学及影像学研究的不断深入，临床医师对CVST的认识正逐步提高。本文对CVST的最新进展进行综述，关注于诊断相关的神经影像特征及病因，旨在促进临床医师对CVST的认识，提高诊断及鉴别诊断的水平。

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a group of special type of cerebrovascular diseases which obstructed in cerebral venous reflux. The clinical incidence of CVST is low and the forms of onset and clinical manifestations are varied. Thus, it poses challenges on clinical diagnosis and treatment for clinicians. With the growing understanding on the etiology and imaging of CVST, the knowledge about CVST is gradually increasing. The paper reviews the progress in CVST, focusing on the neuroimaging features and etiology relevant to diagnosis, so as to promote clinicians’ understanding on CVST, and improve the level of diagnosis and differential diagnosis.