生物的表型是指生物体可以被观察到的特征或特征的组合，包括生物体的形态或物理形式和结构、发展过程、生物化学和生理特性以及行为和行为的结果。表型的概念已不再局限于遗传学研究领域，尤其是在表型的概念被引入自身免疫疾病后，不仅是为了寻找疾病的“本源”，更是为了根据临床表现认识特定的疾病实体并实施干预和预后评估。本文探讨了神经免疫疾病的临床核心表型、中间表型和内表型的范畴及其意义，并阐述了深入认识神经免疫疾病表型的途径。

Biological phenotype refers to the observable characteristics or combinations of characteristics of an organism, including its morphology or physical form and structure, development process, biochemical and physiological characteristics, behavior and the results of behavior. The concept of phenotype is no longer limited to genetic research, especially after its introduction into autoimmune diseases, that is, not only to find the “origin” of the disease, but also to recognize specific disease entities according to clinical manifestations, to carry out interventions and evaluate the prognosis. In this paper, the scope and significance of clinical core phenotype, intermediate phenotype and endophenotype of neuroimmunological diseases and the approach to understand phenotype of neuroimmunological diseases in depth are discussed.