近年来，随着医工交叉学科的快速发展，神经调控技术取得了前所未有的进步。其中，无创神经调控技术是一种非侵入性脑刺激技术，因具有安全性高、耐受性好、成本效益佳以及操作简便等特点，已在临床上得到广泛应用。传统的电抽搐治疗（electroconvulsive therapy，ECT）虽然疗效确切，但是易诱发全脑放电，并且常伴随显著的认知问题，导致其应用范围受到较大限制。相比之下，其他无创神经调控技术，如经颅磁刺激（transcranial magnetic stimulation，TMS）、经颅直流电刺激（transcranial direct current stimulation，tDCS）和经颅交流电刺激（transcranial alternating current stimulation，tACS），则普遍存在刺激深度有限、个体化实施困难以及疗效欠佳等问题。然而，新型的无创神经调控技术——时间干扰刺激（temporal interference stimulation，TIS），则有望打破这些局限性。基于交叉高频电场叠加产生低频包络波的生物物理机制，TIS通过非向量整合方式实现对深部脑区的精准调控，具有成为精神疾病临床主流治疗方式的潜力。

In recent years, with the rapid development of interdisciplinary medicine and engineering, neuroregulation techniques have achieved unprecedented advancements. Among these innovations, non-invasive neuroregulation techniques, a form of non-invasive brain stimulation, characterized by high safety, good tolerance, favorable cost-effectiveness and simple operation, have been widely used in clinical practice. Although traditional electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) demonstrates well-established efficacy, its application is significantly limited by a tendency to induce whole-brain discharges and frequent association with notable cognitive side effects. In contrast, other non-invasive neuromodulation techniques, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), commonly face challenges including limited stimulation depth, difficulties in individualized implementation and suboptimal therapeutic outcomes. However, a novel non-invasive neuromodulation technique—temporal interference stimulation (TIS), holds promise for overcoming these limitations. Based on the biophysical mechanism of generating low-frequency envelope waves through cross-high-frequency electric fields, TIS achievies precise regulation of deep brain regions through non-vector integration, demonstrating potential to emerge as a mainstream clinical treatment for mental diseases.