精神分裂症是一种慢性、严重精神障碍，多起病于青少年期或成年早期，终生患病率为1%，超过一半的患者出现精神残疾，给自身、家庭和社会带来不同程度的影响。认知障碍是精神分裂症的核心症状之一，是造成精神残疾的重要原因，对于精神分裂症患者的日常功能和整体临床结果产生不利影响。近年来，认知障碍已成为精神分裂症领域研究热点。越来越多的证据表明，认知缺陷在患者童年期已经存在，持续影响病情及社会功能。大多数针对精神分裂症认知功能障碍的治疗干预方式，包括使用药物和非药物治疗，干预的效果不一，尚缺少确切有效的干预方法。本文对精神分裂症认知障碍的治疗措施进行了回顾和总结，并就未来的工作如何改善精神分裂症患者认知功能障碍提供了一些建议。

Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder that often occurs in adolescence or early adulthood, with a lifetime prevalence of 1%. More than half of patients experience mental disabilities, which have varying degrees of impact on themselves, their families, and society. Cognitive impairment is one of the core symptoms of schizophrenia and an important cause of mental disability, which has adverse effects on the daily functioning and overall clinical outcomes of schizophrenia patients. In recent years, cognitive impairment has become a research hot spot in the field of schizophrenia. More and more evidences suggest that cognitive impairment already exists in patients' childhood and continues to affect their condition and social functioning. Most treatment interventions for cognitive impairment in schizophrenia, including the use of medication and non-medication therapies, have varying effects and lack precise and effective intervention methods. In this article, we provide a descriptive review of the treatment measures for cognitive impairment in schizophrenia and offer some suggestions on how future work can improve cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia.