Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is the cognitive impairment or the aggravation of the original cognitive impairment after the occurrence of acute cerebrovascular disease. PSCI not only affects the quality of life of the patients after stroke, but also affects the patients’ judgment and compliance with the standard treatment, so it is an important factor affecting the survival time of the patients. The purpose of this paper is to review the latest progress in clinical manifestations, epidemiology, pathogenesis, influencing factors, diagnostic procedures, neuropsychological evaluation, imaging performance, and intervention and treatment of PSCI, focusing on the latest progress in the pathogenesis and imaging performance of PSCI, in order to provide references for the early diagnosis and prevention strategies of PSCI.