出于对精神心理疾病的“病耻感”，精神心理疾病患者大多首选在综合性医院或中西医结合医院接受诊治，而同时伴有内科疾病的患者大多在神经科就诊。目前，中国综合性医院神经科中具备神经精神疾病诊治能力的医师较少，且对该类疾病的诊治经验不足；同时，内科疾病与精神心理障碍共病患者的诊治也更为复杂，而精神卫生中心或综合性医院精神/ 心理科医师对内科疾病与精神心理障碍共病患者的诊治能力却十分有限。本文就综合性医院或中西医结合医院对神经心理与精神障碍疾病的诊治现状进行梳理，并提出加强综合性医院神经科诊治神经精神疾病能力的相关建议。

According to the stigma of mental and psychological diseases, those patients are preferred to be treated in general hospitals or integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine hospitals. Patients not only with mental and psychological diseases, but also with internal diseases mostly chose to be treated in department of neurology at first. At present, there are fewer neurologic doctors have the experiences in diagnosis and treatment of mental and psychological diseases in general hospitals. At the same time, the diagnosis and treatment of the patients with internal diseases and mental disorders are more complicated. Doctors in mental health centers or department of psychiatry in general hospitals have limited ability to diagnose and treat patients with internal diseases and mental disorders. This paper reviews the current situation of diagnosis and treatment of mental and psychological diseases in general hospitals or integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine hospitals in China, and propose how to improve it.