Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness, with patients exhibiting an average lifespan reduction of 10-15 years compared to the general population. The main causes of death in schizophrenia patients include cardiovascular disease, suicide, and accidental injury. As a non-invasive examination method, fundus photography can effectively assess microvascular lesions, thereby predicting the risk of cardiovascular disease. Given that cardiovascular disease is a common comorbidity in schizophrenia patients and is closely related to their high mortality rate, the application of fundus photography in schizophrenia patients not only facilitates early identification of potential cardiovascular problems, but also provides important reference for predicting the patient's life expectancy. Consequently, non-invasive fundus photography holds promise for enhancing monitoring approaches and treatment strategies for schizophrenia patients, ultimately contributing to extended lifespan.