Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with noeffective treatment and a serious threat to human health. Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)has a good curative effect on ALS, and some basic studies have verified thecurative mechanism of TcM on ALS. At present, there is still no clear theoreticalmechanism of TCM on ALS. This article started from the foundation of TcM, based on thetheory of priori and the posterior, and explained the TcM of treating ALS with spleenand kidney as the core. Combined with modern medical scientific research, it discussed the feasibility and effectiveness of treating ALs both internally and externally, provided agood theoretical basis for the future treatment of ALS with TCM.