Meningitis is a serious infectious disease of the central nervous system that can cause both organic damage such as focal neurological damage and hydrocephalus, as well as changes in cognitive function. The impairment of memory function, which is the basis of higher cognitive functions such as speech and learning, can hinder patients ' academic development and limit their lives and work. This paper discuss the damage and recovery of memory function in patients after meningitis from both short term memory and long term memory, in which the severity of the disease, age, and type of pathogen are important factors affecting the degree of memory function damage.