Objective: To explore the related influencing factors of autoimmune encephalitis with status epilepticus as the first symptom.

Methods: The clinical data of 34 patients with autoimmune encephalitis with status epilepticus as the first symptom admitted by the department of neurology of southeast hospital affiliated to Xiamen university from 2018 to 2022 were collected, including age,gender, white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), albumin, lumbar puncture pressure, cerebrospinal fluid related examination results, electroencephalogram, cranial MRI, etc. According to Glasgow score at the time of the worst condition, the enrolled patients were divided into severe group (Glasgow> 8 points, 24 patients) and non severe group (Glasgow <8 points, 10 patients). Analyze the factors influencing the severity of autoimmune encephalitis patients with status epilepsy as the initial symptom.

Results: Univariate analysis revealed statistically significant differences in NLR, cerebrospinal fluid glucose, and head MRI abnormality rates between the two groups (P< 0.05). Further binary logistic regression analysis revealed that there was a statistically significant difference in head MRI abnormality rates between the severe group and the non severe group. The ROC curve was drawn based on whether the head MRI was abnormal and the severity of autoimmune encephalitis patients, and the area under the curve was 0.85 (P= 0.001).

Conclusion: Abnormal cranial MRI was an independent risk factor for the progression of autoimmune encephalitis with status epileptic as the initial symptom to severe illness.