Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an insidious and slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease with early manifestations of recent memory loss and progressive cognitive-behavioral impairment as the disease progress. The typical pathological features of AD are amyloid plaque and neurofibrillary tangles. Amyloid β-protein (Aβ) is a key substance involved in the development of AD. Currently, the therapeutics drugs for AD only improve the symptoms with little benefit in efficacy. Therefore, the development of drugs with the ability to modify the disease progression of AD has become a hot topic. From the perspective of active and passive immunity, this review highlights the Aβ immunotherapies that have entered clinical studies, discusses the drug mechanisms, research progress and the trial results, and focuses on the problems encountered in immunotherapies and the direction of future development.