Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome (CHS) after carotid artery stenting (CAS).

Methods: The clinical data of 7 patients with CHS after CAS from June 2017 to June 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, the preoperative computed tomography perfusion (CTP) parameters were analyzed, the perfusion injury stages were evaluated, and the treatment outcomes and prognosis were observed.

Results: Among the 7 patients with CHS after CAS, there were one female (14.3%) and 6 males (85.7%). The average age was (64.0 ± 6.7) years. Transient ischemic attack (TIA) was diagnosed in 4 patients (57.1%) and cerebral infarction in 3 patients (42.9%). The main clinical manifestations of CHS included headache in 7 patients (100.0%), hypertension in 4 patients (57.1%) and intracerebral hemorrhage in 2 patients (28.6%). There were 6 patients (85.7%) with hypertension history and 3 patients with diabetes mellitus (42.9%). The preoperativestage of CTP perfusion injury was stage 2 in 2 patients (28.6%) and stage 3 in 5 patients (71.4%). Collateral circulation compensation was secondary compensation in one patient (14.3%) and tertiary compensation in 6 patients (85.7%). After dehydration and intracranial pressure reduction, 6 patients (85.7%) recovered, and one patient (14.3%) enteredcoma after intracerebral hemorrhage.

Conclusion: CHS after CAS seriously threatens to the prognosis of patients. Early recognition and early intervention must be achieved to reduce its harm.