Anti-LGI1 limbic encephalitis presenting as faciobrachial dystonic seizures: a report of three cases and literature review

YANG Xiaolan; LU Qinchi

doi:10.12022/jnnr.2017-0053

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Journal of Neurology and Neurorehabilitation ›› 2017, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (4) : 186-196. DOI: 10.12022/jnnr.2017-0053

Anti-LGI1 limbic encephalitis presenting as faciobrachial dystonic seizures: a report of three cases and literature review

YANG Xiaolan1, LU Qinchi2

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Abstract

Objective: To report the diagnosis and treatment of 3 cases of limbic encephalitis (LE) related to antibodies against leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1 (LGI1) protein with faciobrachial dystonic seizure (FBDS) as the main clinical manifestation, and review the related literatures. Methods: The information of clinical features, laboratory examinations, imaging examinations, treatment and prognosis of 3 cases diagnosed of anti-LGI1 LE with FBDS as the main clinical manifestation admitted in Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine was reported and analyzed, and the related literature review was performed. Results: In these 3 cases，FBDS was the very early main clinical symptom, and they were diagnosed of anti-LGI1 LE by lumber test, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and autoimmune antibodies examination. The symptoms were relieved by immunotherapy, whereas one case underwent operation due to late subdural hematoma. Conclusion: FBDS is a characteristic clinical manifestation of anti-LGI1 LE, early identification is helpful for the diagnosis of this disease, and immunotherapy could effectively improve the prognosis.

Key words

Anti-LGI1 limbic encephalitis / Faciobrachial dystonic seizure / Immunotherapy

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YANG Xiaolan, LU Qinchi. Anti-LGI1 limbic encephalitis presenting as faciobrachial dystonic seizures: a report of three cases and literature review[J]. Journal of Neurology and Neurorehabilitation. 2017, 13(4): 186-196 https://doi.org/10.12022/jnnr.2017-0053

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