This article systematically summarized the understanding of the etiology, pathogenesis, andtreatment principles of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TcM) in the treatment of epilepsycombined with cognitive impairment, as well as the research progress of TCM therapy in thetreatment of epilepsy combined with cognitive impairment, including experimental andclinical research on single herbs, compound formulas, and other TCM therapies. The aim isto provide more practical basis for the clinical treatment of epilepsy combined with cognitiveimpairment and to provide ideas for subsequent experimental and clinical research.